Abstract: In order to improve the friction and wear performance between nuclear reactor pressure vessel equipment and its supports, ensure the safety of nuclear reactor pressure vessels, and avoid severe wear caused by dry friction between metals, the friction and wear performance of graphite material against metal SA533GrBCL1 was studied. The two kinds of graphite(GP1, GP2) were machined into ring specimens, which were combined with SA533GrBCL1 steel rings to form friction pairs.The effects of different loads and speeds on the friction and wear performance were studied. The results show that the comprehensive friction and wear performance of GP1 high-purity graphite is better than that of GP2 resin impregnated graphite material; GP1 graphite exhibits relatively stable friction coefficient and specific wear rate under different load and speed conditions, the friction coefficients are less than 0.2 and the specific wear rates are lower. GP2 resin impregnated graphite exhibits lower friction coefficients and specific wear rates at low rotational speeds. At high rotational speeds, the friction coefficients fluctuate greatly.GP2 graphite produces abrasive wear under alternating stress, resulting in chipping and even fragmentation.The transfer film formed by graphite on the friction surface of SA533GrBCL1 steel ring is closely related to load and velocity.The transfer film formed by GP1 type high-purity graphite on the friction surface of SA533GrBCL1 steel ring is relatively uniform and stable; the transfer film formed by GP2 resin impregnated graphite on the friction surface of SA533GrBCL1 steel ring is greatly affected by load and speed, under high load and high speed conditions, the transfer film is unstable. The wear mechanism of two types of graphite against SA533GrBCL1 steel ring mainly manifestes as abrasive wear.