高温装炉加热时钢锭温度场和应力场分布规律研究
Distributions of temperature and stress during ingot heating when charging at high temperature
宗伟奇1，吴志1，单会星2，夏琴香2
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作者单位：1．广州造船厂有限公司，广东 广州，510382；2．华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，广东 广州，510640
中文关键字：加热；高温装炉；温度场；应力场；钢锭
英文关键字：heating; high temperature charging; temperature field; stress field; ingot
中文摘要：工件加热过程是温度、相变、应力相互作用的过程，目前利用数值模拟方法制定钢锭加热规范的研究较少且主要针对室温装炉。本文根据钢锭表面的温升情况确定了高温装炉下的保温时间，并利用DEFORM-3D软件对钢锭高温装炉时的加热过程进行了模拟，得到了钢锭在加热时的温度场和应力场分布情况。结果表明，高温装炉能够有效地减少钢锭的加热时间；高温装炉时因钢锭初期升温速度较快，钢锭心部的三向拉应力增加，表心温差也随之增加，但温差减小较快。实验结果与模拟结果吻合良好，验证了模拟模型的可靠性。
英文摘要：Heating is a mutual effect process among the temperature, phase change and stress. The research on the ingot heating specification is less and mainly focuses on charging at room temperature. The heat preservation time when charging at high temperature was determined based the temperature rising situation of ingot surface; the heating process during charging at high temperature was simulated based on the software, DEFORM-3D, and the distributions of temperature and stress fields were obtained. The results show that the heating time can be reduced effectively by high temperature charging, the three tensile stresses increases due to the fast temperature rising speed when charging at high temperature, hence to an increase in the temperature difference between the surface and center of ingot, but the reducing of temperature difference is fast. The experimental results conform well with the simulation one, which proves that the simulation model is reliable and reasonable.