长轴类大锻件锻前加热工艺的研究
Research on Heating Process for Long-shaft Heavy Forging
向 可1， 赵学智1， 夏琴香1， 梁卫良2
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作者单位：（1．华南理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院，广东 广州 510640；2．广州造船厂有限公司，广东 广州 510382）
中文关键字：长轴类大锻件； 锻前加热； 温度场； 应力场； 数值模拟
英文关键字：long-shaft heavy forging; heating before forging; temperature field; stress field; numerical simulation
中文摘要：根据某船用螺旋桨轴用材料及尺寸特点，制定出合理的锻前加热工艺规范，并以Deform-3D软件为分析手段，采用有限元法对该加热规范进行了数值模拟，对钢锭加热过程中温度场和应力场进行了分析。结果表明，采用在800 ℃和1220 ℃进行保温的四段式加热方式，可保证钢锭锻造部分的心部温度在加热结束后达到1000 ℃以上，能较好地满足锻造始锻温度的要求。
英文摘要：The reasonable heating process before forging was established based on the material and dimension of marine propeller shaft. The process was numerically simulated by finite element software Deform-3D, and the temperature field and stress field during heating was analyzed. The results show that the centre temperature of the forging part is above 1000 ℃ after heating by adopting the heating specification with four steps heating and holding at 800 ℃ and 1220 ℃，respectively. The process can meet the forging requirements satisfactorily.