氧枪喷头外管横裂机理分析
Analysis on Mechanismon of Transverse Fracture of Outside Pipe of Oxygen Lance Nozzle
牛显明， 刘建军， 张鹏林
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作者单位：（兰州理工大学 材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃 兰州 730050）
中文关键字：氧枪喷头； 20钢管； 旋涡冷却； 横向断裂
英文关键字： oxygen lance nozzle; 20 steel pipe; votex cooling; transverse fracture
中文摘要：通过分析氧枪喷头外管破裂的形式、断口形貌、微观组织，讨论了外管的温度场分布，热疲劳裂纹产生的机理和冷却水的流动状态。结果表明，氧枪喷头结构设计、加工工艺造成冷却水在A处产生旋涡，形成环状的膜态沸腾，恶化传热效果，导致氧枪喷头产生横向断裂。提出降低表面粗糙度、消除旋涡冷却、保持外管表面的轧制组织等措施可有效防止外管横裂。
英文摘要： The temperature field distribution of outside pipe, the forming mechanism of thermal fatigue crack and the flow state of cooling water were discussed by analyzing the cracking mode, the fracture appearance and the microstructure. The results show that the structural design and processing make the cooling water generate vortex at A area, which form ring water films of boiling and make heat transfer worse, leading to transverse fracture. Some measures were given to prevent transverse fracture, such as reducing surface roughness, eliminating votex cooling and keeping rolling microstructure on the surface of the outer pipe.