某船用锅炉过热器爆管原因分析
Burst Cause Analysis of Superheater Tube for a Marine Boiler
尹自斌，廖海峰，戴乐阳
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作者单位：集美大学轮机工程学院
中文关键字：锅炉；过热器；爆管；珠光体球化；剥蚀
英文关键字：Boiler; Superheated tube; Burst; Pearlite spheroidization; Exfoliation corrosion
中文摘要：对某爆裂的船用锅炉过热器管进行了成分分析、力学性能测试和金相观察，对其断口进行了宏观和微观形貌分析。结果表明：因锅炉对流过热器管子内部结垢严重，致使过热器管长期过热产生热时效，管壁显微组织中的珠光体发生中度~完全球化，导致材料老化。同时由于管壁发生垢下剥蚀，管壁减薄，使得管子强度下降，最终过热器管在强度薄弱处爆裂。
英文摘要：The chemical composition, mechanical property and microstructure of a burst superheater tube were examined, and the macroscopic and microscopic appearances of the fracture were observed. Results show that the pearlite of the superheater tube has been spheroidized by heat-aging resulted from superheat by the deposit, and the tensile strength of tube has been reduced because of the tube thinned by exfoliation corrosion, and finally led to the tube burst at the weakness.