Abstract: Well-formed 6061 aluminum alloy deposits were fabricated on 2024 aluminum alloy substrate by using friction surfacing, and the formation of the deposits can be improved by properly increasing the axial feed speed.The cross section structure of the deposit shows a streamlined structure.The interface between deposit and substrate in the central zone is well bonded, but there are some insufficient bonding defects at the advancing side and the retreating side.The electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis of the deposits shows that dynamic recrystallization occurs during the friction surfacing process, and the grains are highly refined and the proportion of low angle grain boundary increases.Due to different heat input in different zone of the deposit, the degree of grain refinement and the proportion of low angle grain boundary are slightly different.The heat treatment strengthening effect of 6061 aluminum alloy disappears during the friction surfacing process, therefore the hardness of the deposits is lower than that of the base metal.