低熔点合金Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb的组织与性能研究

Study on Microstructure and Properties of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb Low Melting Point Alloy

摘要: 采用JMatPro软件计算了不同成分Sn-Bi-Pb三元系低熔点合金的相组成,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、差示热分析仪(DTA)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb的微观组织、熔化性能以及力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb合金包含三相,分别为Sn相、Bi相以及Pb₇Bi₃中间相,其熔点为96.5℃。该合金的抗拉强度略低于Sn-58Bi共晶合金,为55 MPa;其断后伸长率高于Sn-58Bi的14.9%,为52.1%;其显微硬度为13.1 HV,低于Sn-58Bi共晶合金的硬度20.7 HV。

Abstract: JMatPro software was used to calculate the phase composition of Sn-Bi-Pb ternary low melting point alloys with different compositions. The microstructure, melting properties and mechanical properties of Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb alloy were studied by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, differential thermal analysis（DTA） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The results show that the Sn-43.5Bi-27Pb alloy contains three phases: Sn phase, Bi phase and Pb₇Bi₃intermediate phase, the melting point is 96.5 ℃. The tensile strength of the alloy is 55 MPa, which is slightly lower than that of Sn-58Bi eutectic alloy, and the elongation after fracture is higher than the elongation of 14.9% of Sn-58Bi, which is 52.1%. The microhardness of the alloy is 13.1 HV, which is lower than the hardness of 20.7 HV of Sn-58Bi eutectic alloy.